Phonics programmes can use different words, actions and prompts for the same sound. Home practice is most helpful when it reinforces what a child is currently learning at school rather than introducing a second system.

Ask school three questions

Find out:

• which sound–spelling pattern your child is practising;

• how the school says or demonstrates it; and

• what prompt adults use when the child is unsure.

Ask for the relevant sound mat, word list or decodable book if one is available. A decodable book uses only the sound–spelling patterns and tricky words your child has already been taught, so they can work out the words for themselves. If your child is older, ask whether school has decodable books written for their age, so the story does not feel too young for them.

Many phonics programmes have free videos showing parents how each sound is said. If your school uses Little Wandle, its parent page has short videos of the sounds and of how blending is taught. If it uses Read Write Inc., the Oxford Owl parent guide has a sound pronunciation video. Both also sell flashcards or kits, but you do not need them.

Keep practice short

Once or twice a week, choose three to five words containing the current pattern.

1. Ask your child to say the sounds.

2. Blend them into the word.

3. Read the word again without stopping.

4. Use it in a short sentence or find it in a book.

Model the first word if needed. If an error continues after one prompt, give the correct sound or word and finish with an example your child can manage.

Five focused minutes is more useful than continuing until the activity becomes tiring.

If your child brings home a decodable book, let them read it again on another day or two. Each read usually becomes smoother and more confident.

Notice whether it is helping

Look for the same pattern becoming easier in new words and ordinary reading. If your child remains unsure despite regular practice, ask school whether the pattern, prompt or starting point needs reviewing.

Do not buy or begin a separate phonics programme without discussing it with school. Consistent language and a manageable amount of practice matter more than extra materials.

Talamo has no commercial relationship with any of the organisations named here. We suggest them only because we think they could be useful to families.